Psychology MCAT 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Working memory plays a crucial role in problem-solving as it allows individuals to hold and manipulate information temporarily while engaging in cognitive tasks. This type of memory supports the active processing of information needed to analyze problems, evaluate potential solutions, and make decisions. In problem-solving scenarios, one often needs to recall relevant knowledge and apply it contextually, which working memory enables by maintaining multiple pieces of information actively and simultaneously.

In contrast, memory consolidation refers to the process of transferring newly acquired information into long-term storage, which primarily involves different mechanisms than those associated with working memory. Information retrieval involves accessing stored memories, which relies on long-term memory rather than working memory. Finally, encoding long-term memories is the process of transforming information for lasting storage, again distinct from the temporary nature of working memory tasks. Thus, the primary function of working memory aligns most closely with problem-solving tasks, highlighting its active role in cognitive processing.