Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

What are the stages described in Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

1. Startle, awareness, relaxation

2. Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

3. Introduction, confrontation, resolution

4. Preparation, action, recovery

The correct answer is: Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) outlines the body’s physiological response to chronic stress, and it is characterized by three distinct stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. In the alarm stage, the body detects a stressor and initiates the fight-or-flight response, which involves the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. This stage prepares the body to confront the threat. The resistance stage occurs if the stressor continues beyond the initial alarm phase. During this stage, the body attempts to adapt to the ongoing stressor and maintain homeostasis. While the body continues to function, it may experience some level of strain. Finally, the exhaustion stage happens when the stressor persists for an extended period. At this point, the body's resources become depleted, leading to a decline in function and potentially resulting in physical and mental health issues such as burnout or illness. This model effectively illustrates how prolonged stress can affect overall health, making it an important concept in understanding the psychological impact of stress.